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These days much of a graphic designer’s work, and many others who work with photographic images, is intended to be published on the internet. These folks are quite familiar with the specifications nee

According to USFDA, a combination product is one composed of any combination of a drug and device; biological product and device; drug and biological product

ded to accomplish this. These pictures which are often generated by digital cameras are almost always “web-ready.” In order to be acceptable for a web site, an image needs to be RGB, and 72 ppi (or so

; or drug, device, and biological product and fixed dose combination would include two or more combinations of drug.

Examples of combination products may in

etimes called dpi). The first refers to how color is handled by a computer screen. It stands for Red, Green, Blue. With these three colors, your computer (and TV) is able to display all the colors you

lude drug-coated devices, drugs packaged with delivery devices in medical kits, and drugs and devices packaged separately but intended to be used together.

could possibly need. To see this in action, try this cool experiment:

Get three flashlights (same size if you can) and attach three pieces of colored film, cellophane or plastic, one to each flashli

here is enormous increase in the number of combination products entering the market in the recent years. Combination products have proven advantages but fixe

ht. In a darkened room, shine each light on a white surface and overlap the circles. Where they all overlap you’ll see white! Cool huh? That’s how RGB works. DPI or PPI stands for “Dots Per Inch” (use

d dose combinations are still in the process of convincing regulatory authority on their advantages over the single ingredient formulations.

Combination pro

for printers) and “Pixels Per Inch” which is used in the digital world.

Therefore an acceptable screen photo is usually 72 ppi and RGB. Many web generator programs will often adjust your photos aut

ucts have become life saving products for the pharmaceutical companies who doesn’t have many innovative molecules in their product pipeline and have been inc

omatically with little effort on your part.

But what about printing? I don’t mean the little inkjet gizmo next to you in your office. You can get a decent image from those no matter what you use. I’m

easingly used in the product life cycle management. Even the companies having product patents are trying to extend their product life cycle through the combi

talking about Commercial offset printers—the place you go to print 10,000 catalogs, magazines, sales sheets etc. For these you need to supply “High Resolution Images,” and here things get a little tri

nation products and maximize the revenues. But the companies involved in this practice are overlooking that they are burdening the patients both economically

cky.

The first thing you need to keep in mind is, your picture must be shot originally as a high-res image. You can’t just take a low-res (72ppi) shot and simply enlarge it to a high-res (300 ppi) im

and physically. They need to rightly judge the benefits of the combination products and they have to even look at the risks involved when combining the produ

ge. The reason is that a low-res picture doesn’t have enough digital information in it. Have you ever seen an advertisement or picture in a brochure that has a bad case of the “jaggies?” That’s what h

ts. Some of the combination products were well accepted by physicians while others suffered. Companies involved in development of combination products are fi

ppens when someone takes an image that is 2”x 3” @ 72 ppi and simply enlarges it to 6” x 9.” The result is a photo that’s 6” x 9” @ 24ppi, and it prints with jagged edges and looks lousy. Or, someone

ding difficulty in defining their combination products and facing various challenges from selecting a combination to marketing it.

Following aspects would a

takes the same image, enlarges it and then forces it, in photoshop, to have 300ppi. When printed, this image looks washed out, blurry, and again, lousy.

If you need to print with a commercial printer

dd to the challenges in developing combination products:

Which markets to tap where the combination products can do fairly well?
Which combination prod

you need to shoot your photos physically larger (8”x10” in this case) with at least a 300 ppi setting. You can make it smaller (6” x 9”), and then reset the ppi to 300 without doing any damage to the

cts are meaningful and rational?
Which therapeutic categories to select?
Which Combinations can address unmet needs of the patients?
Do combin

image.

Think of pixels as Legos®. with 300 different color blocks per square foot, you could make a pretty decent image. Try it with 72 Legos per square foot and well, you get the idea. Why 300 ppi

tions increase the patient compliance?
What would be the developing cost?
How to tackle the risks encountered during combination product developmen

It has to do with something called “Line screen.” Look closely at a printed page. Use a magnifying glass. See all the dots? that’s the line screen—DPI—dots per inch. There are usually 150 of them fit

t?

As combination products don't fit into the traditional categories of drugs, medical devices, or biological products, the USFDA is in the process of devel

into one square inch if you want to count them. Those dots, mixed together by your eye, produce the image in your brain. When commercial printers processes or convert your picture to be printed, they

ping new procedures for reviewing their safety, efficacy and quality.

Professional from academic institutions, pharmaceutical industries, health care indust

need double the resolution than they will print at. I don’t know why this is, but it has to do with how they “RIP” the image ( Raster Image Processing ). Just send files that are the same size (or lar

y and representatives from various regulatory agencies are working out to design the regulatory requirements for manufacture and sale of combination products

er) in inches that you want it to print, at 300 ppi, and you’ll be fine. The other thing you need to do is convert your picture from RGB, to CMYK. That stands for the four inks that printers use— hen

.

As there is an increasing trend of the combination products companies manufacturing such products should be able to tackle the problems involved in the de

ce the term “4-color printing.” Duh? Switching the mode of your photo from one to the other does no damage to it. And incidentally, if you forget to change some of your photos to CMYK, don’t worry, th

elopment. They need to be wiser in analyzing the market trends and the regulatory requirements.

Companies that provide selfless information through particip

printer will catch the ones that fall through the cracks. They won’t be happy about it but hey, mistakes happen. Getting the resolution right is far more critical—that can’t be fixed. Happy Printing

tion in industry events and feedback to regulatory authorities would be able to face the challenges and will be successful in developing combination products

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The most successful businesspersons in the world are not those who were born with money, or who came by it because they won the lottery. The most successful businesspersons are those who knew what to do with the money they had.

High-volume businesses can offset these costs in revenue, but for small or client-based businesses, a print advertisement can mean the difference between profit and loss--and not to your business's advantage. Radio or TV advertising is also a popular option for many businesses: for a few hundred dollars, you can buy advertising space in popular programs or between music playlists. Radio and TV advertising has the potential to reach an even wider audience than print advertising, and the increased technological possibilities--music, a good announcer, even short skits or memorable jingles--can both give potential customers a good sense of your business and make your business memorable and appealing. But radio… There's also a significant cost issue to consider: while one radio spot during peak hours might cost only $50-100, one radio spot is unlikely to reach exactly those listeners who will both benefit from your business and be willing to contact you about your services. In order to make radio advertising a workable option, you'll ....

You need to decide what makes you different from your competitors, and you need to promote that uniqueness in your sales letters. Just make sure your differentiator is compelling and actually differentiates you.

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